Be sure to bring your calculator to the final.  For the final exam refer to your notes from after Thanksgiving until now.  You will need to:

 

Use your notes and lab  work from Tuesday to complete the questions on hydrate formulas from the attached file.

Complete the following empirical formula questions from the attached file (1,2,3,4,8 from page 1 and 1-5 from page 2). Note that for any of them that are clearly ionic (metal and non-metal) rearrange the atoms in your final formula so that they clearly reflect the correct ions.  For example PbS₂O₈ is actually Pb(SO₄)₂ Lead (II) Sulfate.

Read section 6.3 and complete questions (15-18) form the Chapter 6 attachment at the right.  Also, open and read the following link that talks about bond energies.  Summarize the reading.

We are transitioning from structures and formulas of substances to quantifying the composition of substances.  Read section 6.2 of your text and complete question (10-14) from the attached file at the right: "chemical composition."

and, open the attached link and read the three categories of exceptions to the octet rule. Write a brief explanation for each.  (note that some of the topics described go beyond the scope of high school chem.  Just focus on what is understandable to you).

 

We completed our study of the localized bonding model for molecular structure.  Its a good model but does not do a great job explaining certain chemical phenomenon very well, like delocalized pi bonding electrons.  Next week we will look at the molecular orbital theory of bonding to develop a more complete picture.  For homework, open and read the links included below which introduce you to the effects of delocalized pi bonding.  Write a three paragraph discussion that talks about the chemistry of delocalized pi bonding electrons, color in molecules, and health benefits of molecules that have these structures. (note that the third link goes into details of molecular orbital theory that we will get into next week).

 

NCBI/Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
Anthocyanins - More than nature’s colors
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1082903/


Chemical of the Week-Chemistry of Autumn Colors
http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/fallcolr/fallcolr.html


UC Davis Chemwiki
What causes molecules to aborb UV and visible light?
http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Electronic_Spectroscopy/Electronic_Spectroscopy_Basics/What_Causes_Molecules_to_Absorb_UV_and_Visible_Light

 

We will transition from structures and formulas of substances to quantifying the composition of substances.  As and introduction, read section 6.1 of your text and complete question (1-9) from the attached file at the right: "chemical composition."

• molecular modelling,
• polarity of molecules and
• strength of inter-molecular forces of attraction.

Review your notes to help you explain the following.  Do as many as you can, then come to class with questions prepared for the areas you need extra support with:

Review Chapter 12 and your notes and complete questions (25-32) from the attachment at the right - "Chapter 12- Chemical Bonding" 

 

Note that #27 and #31 involve polyatomic ions.  When using the octet rule, note that the charge of the ion means either you have additional electrons available or less electrons available.  For the sulfate ion which has a charge of -2, you will add two additional electrons to your number available.  The ammonium ion which has a charge of +1 will require you to subtract one electron from your total number available.  Try these the nest you can.

This homework is carried over from Friday (10/23).  The attached worksheet has been updated to include 16 additional formulas/models to complete.  Both sets from the attachment are due today.

 

At this point you should be able to write shorthand electron configurations and electron dot formulas to determine the stable charge for ions.  In class on Monday and Wednesday we looked at balancing charges between ions to write chemical formulas for ionic compounds and using sizes of ions to write models.  For homework, complete the attached worksheet by writing correct formulas and models.

 

Here are some helpful points:

For each of the following, write a shorthand electron configuration, dot diagram, indicate, whether it should gain or lose electrons to become stable (and how many), and write the symbol and charge for the stable ion that is formed:

and for period 4, please finish the periodic table families from class (attachment included)

 

Three things to complete for homework:

 

In class on Tuesday we wrote complete electron configurations and shorthand electron configurations for oxygen, calcium, chlorine, and sodium.

 

For homework, write complete electron configurations and shorthand electron configurations for the following: magnesium, potassium, nitrogen, and aluminum

 

Also, attempt to write only complete electron configurations (no shorthand) for these atoms which include d-orbitals: Cobalt (Z=27), Bromine (Z=35), Tine (Z=51), and Cesium (Z=55).

 

Class notes are attached

The quantum mechanical model is not included on this assessment

 

Formulas and constants will be given, but remember, it is not just about plugging numbers into equations, its about a strong conceptual understanding of the relationship between the dual wave particle theory of light and how Neils Bohr developed a model for the atom based on the emission spectrum of hydrogen

As we did in class, determine Energy, frequency and wavelength for the following electron energy level changes in Bohr's model of the atom.  Determine what part of the EM spectrum the wavelength corresponds to (if it is found in the visible spectrum, then identify what color the line should be).  Also identify and explain whether energy is being absorbed or released in each case:

 

 

In period 2, we did not finish the last calculation (wavelength for drop from 3 to 2).  Here it is:

                      C/frequency = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/sec divided by 4.57 x 10¹⁴ sec ^-1 which equals 6.56 x 10^-7 m or 656 nm.  This line is found in the visible spectrum.  If you look at your colored-in visible spectrum, you will find that this wavelength matches the red line.

Use your notes from class to complete the attached worksheet from below (only do questions 2,4,6,7,11,12).

 

Complete the attached worksheet which includes questions relating to half life calculations.

Read sections 19.1 c and 19.2 and complete questions (12-19) from the file attached at the right - "Chapter 19 Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy."

 

Also, follow the link below and watch the attached video on mass spectrometry which ties in closely with our study radioactive isotopes and measuring their abundance.

 

 

Write a brief summary describing how the process works.

 

 

Read section 19.1 from your text answer questions (1-11) from the file attached at the right - "Chapter 19 Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy."

 

Also, a nuclear decay equations practice worksheet is attached (its the second page of the attached file).  The first few nuclear equations we did in class.  Complete 6 more.

 

Lastly, complete your graph from lab (amount remaining vs. time)

 

Complete the protons, neutrons, electrons table from class today. This stays in your notes. File attached

 

Also, read section 3.3 from your text and answer questions (11-21) from the file attached at the right - "Chapter 3 Elements, atoms and ions." 

 

Lastly, Unit #1 notes due today, stapled and ready to turn in; includes all notes and lab work/lab challenges. Please do not include homework, anything with a stamp that has been returned to you and anything else that has already been graded.  Also don't include notes on atomic structure and notes on naming compounds/chemical formulas.  These are part of the current unit.

Read section 5.2 of your text and answer questions (11-19) from the file attached at the right - Chapter 5 Measurement and Calculations"

Read section 5.1 of your text and answer questions (1-10) from the file attached at the right  "Classwork - Chapter 5 Measurement and Calculations"

Homework for tonight is to type the complete final draft of your discussion (5 paragraph essay) to the investigation we just finished in lab "Drawing Meaningful Conclusions."  The guidelines we went over in class are included here to the right under files. 

Finish the assignment from the beginning of class today "Practical use of the Scientific Method" about the Blue People of Kentucky.  Please do the assignment on your own paper, that is, you do not need to print out the document.  The file is attached below

Read chapter 2 of you text and answer questions (1-20) from the file attached at the right "Classwork - Chapter 2 Nature..."

Outline Scientific Process 4 (document is to the right). 

 

Outline Scientific Process 3 (document is to the right)

Please read the Chemistry course syllabus and safety instructions found on the right side of this page under "Files."  We will go over them in class today.  The signature pages will be due Thursday.